Ameloblastoma: A Report of Two Cases

Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing locally aggressive, benign odontogenic epithelium with a greater tendency for recurrence and involves aggressive bone loss and teeth. It is believed to be derived from cell rests of the enamel organ, either remnants of the dental lamina or Hertwig's sheath, the epithelial rest of Malassez. An Unicystic Ameloblastoma (UA) represents an ameloblastoma variant, that's a cyst. They are often related to an unerupted third molar, with a peak incidence within the third and fourth decade of life.

The most common site of preference is the mandibular molar and ramus area than the anterior and premolar region. The article presents two case series of unicystic ameloblastoma of a 25-year-old female who had a localized swelling in the left side of the mandible which resembled a keratocystic odontogenic tumor clinically and radiographically. Based on histopathological examination the final diagnosis was unicystic ameloblastoma with the mural pattern. The second case report presented a 32-year-old female with a diffuse swelling in the left lower jaw which histopathologically revealed ameloblastoma with the plexiform variant. An incisional biopsy was done to get a definitive diagnosis for both cases. A postoperative panoramic radiograph was taken and was found to be satisfactory in both cases. The case series presented certain unique features of female predilection and a multilocular variant with mural and plexiform pattern unicystic ameloblastoma. Both patients were surgically managed more conservatively with enucleation and cauterization as cystic types are found to be less aggressive compared to solid variants of ameloblastoma. They were on a regular follow period postoperatively. It can be concluded that unicystic ameloblastoma with a mural growth pattern has a tendency for recurrence if inadequately managed surgically. Proper management avoids the propensity of recurrence rate.