Prevalence and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Wound and Otitis Media among Patients Attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Aims: The study aimed at determining the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus isolated from wound and otitis media among patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospitals, Kano Nigeria.

Study Design: This was an experimental laboratory cross-sectional study conducted from May to June, 2013. Both out and inpatients presenting with wound and otitis media or highly suspicious of having otitis media infection was recruited in the study. Only patient attending treatment at Aminu Kano University-Teaching Hospital was included in the study. Purposive sampling technique was applied to recruit patients who have satisfied the selection until the desired sample size was reached. Swab samples were collected after obtaining informed consent from the selected patients.

Methodology: A total of 150 swab samples (wounds 80 swabs and ears 70 swabs) were collected from males and females, adults and children patients at specimen collection center and brought to the Microbiology laboratory, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital for analysis. All the swab samples were inoculated on Mannitol salt agar and incubated overnight at 37°C. After 24hrs, the isolates were identified using catalase, coagulase and DNAse test. The identified isolates were subjected to susceptibility testing using disc diffusion method.

Results: Out of 150 samples collected, 71 (47.3%) were positive for S. aureus from all the categories of patients. Among the antibiotics tested, Erythromycin, Cefalexin, Tetracycline and Ceftriaxone were more effective against S. aureus while Trimethophrim, Gentamycin, Clindamycin, Oxacillin and Cefoxitin had the highest resistance.

Conclusion: In conclusion the study revealed that S. aureus is more prevalent in wound patient compared to otitis media patients.