Antibiogram of Klebsiella pneumoniae among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspects Attending Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kano

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the antibiogram of Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumoniae) among pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) suspected patients attending IDH Kano, Kano metropolis, Nigeria.

Study Design: The study is descriptive cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: In this research of the 300 TB suspected patients referred to infectious diseases hospital Kano were used for the study. Sputum specimens collected were analysed at Medical Laboratory Science Department, School of Health Technology Kano, Kano state, Nigeria. Sputum samples were stored at 4ºC if not analysed at the same day. The work was carried out between January to June, 2017.

Methodology: Early morning sputum samples were examined microscopically and cultured on blood, chocolate and MacConkey’s agars, followed by confirmation of presumptive colonies using different biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility studies were done by the disc diffusion method using Ceftriaxone (30µg), Ciprofloxacin (5µg), Gentamicin (10µg), Ofloxacin (5µg), Cloxacillin (5µg), Co-trimoxazole (25µg), Augumentin (30µg), Cefuroxime (30µg) and Ceftazidime (30µg).

Results: Of the 28 isolates Ceftriaxone 28(100.0%), Ciprofloxacin 20(71.5%), Gentamicin 12(85.7%) and Ofloxacin 11(78.6%) had significant (P > 0.05) activity against K. pneumoniae, followed by Cefuroxime 18(64.3%) and Ceftazidime 16(57.1%) with moderate activity while Augumentin 4(12.3%), Cloxacillin 0(0.0%), and Co-trimoxazole 0(0.0%) had poor activity. against K. pneumoniae isolates. Out of 224 Bacteria isolated 60 (26.8%) were Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) 20(16.1%) were Staphylococcus aureas (S. aureas), 28(12.5%) were K. pneumoniae, 24(10.7%) were Haemophillus influenzae (H. influenzae), 24(8.9%) were Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) and 56(25.0%) were other bacterial isolates. However, their relationship was not statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, Klebsiella pneumoniae was recorded to be the most prevalent 28(12.5%) bacterial isolate among TB suspected patients. All the K. pneumoniae isolates resisted to co-trimoxazole and cloxacillin. While Ceftriaxone 28(100.0%), Gentamicin 24(85.7%), Ofloxacin 22(78.6%), Ciprofloxacin 20(71.5%), remained the most effective against K. pneumoniae isolates tested.