Optical Parameters Analysis of Photonic Crystal Fiber with Rectangular Lattice Geometry

Aims: This paper investigates effective refractive index, confinement loss and waveguide dispersion for rectangular photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with five layers of air holes.

Methodology: The analysis of these properties is done by changing air hole diameter and lattice pitch. Three different materials namely borosilicate glass, fused quartz glass and sapphire glass are taken as fiber background material. The Finite domain Time-difference method is used for simulation and simulation work is carried on in Opti-FDTD software.

Results: This research work offers with low confinement loss and high negative dispersion for all the three materials for wavelength range from 1200 nm to 1600 nm. Low confinement loss is obtained for the largest air hole diameter from air hole diameter variation and for largest lattice pitch from lattice pitch variation. The lowest confinement loss is found around 0.7×10-8 dB/km for fused quartz glass at wavelength 1550 nm for largest pitch (2.3 μm) among all the three materials. Again, Large negative dispersion is found for the largest air hole diameter from diameter variation but for the lattice pitch variation, it is achieved from the smallest lattice pitch. Highest negative dispersion is found form sapphire glass when air hole diameter is 0.6 μm and lattice pitch is 1.71 μm. The highest negative dispersion is found approximately -1500 ps/(nm.km) at wavelength 1575 nm.

Conclusion: High negative dispersion is greatly desirable in telecommunication field which has been demonstrated at the simulation output.